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为什么有Platform_driver 前文谈到的总线驱动模型(注这个图是照着bootlin的文档绘制的):
同时,根据代码分析其基础数据结构框架关系如下(UML关系并不严谨,仅为理解方便):
可见驱动程序的模型分层有一层总线基础层,那么对于嵌入式开发领域而言,有很多SOC芯片内置了各种外设,并比如LCD,UART、audio、摄像头口等等,并没有总线。为了统一驱动架构抽象,所以引入了platform bus这个虚拟的总线模型。做过嵌入式开发的人应该都有体会,这类设备在嵌入式系统中非常多,所以在研究具体某类设备的驱动开发之前,有必要研究platform 设备的驱动模型。在强调一下这个是统一在总线驱动模型这个体系内的。 驱动模型的实现定义在./include/linux/platform_device.h中,来梳理一下这些数据结构间的关系:
.init_name = "platform", };
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__platform_driver_register); EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__platform_driver_probe); EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(platform_get_resource_byname); EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(platform_get_irq_byname); ....
设备命令以及绑定
compatible = "ti,omap3-uart"; ti,hwmods = "uart1"; clock-frequency = <48000000>; reg = <0x44e09000 0x2000>; interrupts = <72>; status = "disabled"; }; platform_driver实例 以samsung.c 串口驱动程序为例: /*兼容匹配表*/static const struct platform_device_id s3c24xx_serial_driver_ids[] = { { .name = "s3c2410-uart", .driver_data = S3C2410_SERIAL_DRV_DATA, }, { .name = "s3c2412-uart", .driver_data = S3C2412_SERIAL_DRV_DATA, }, { .name = "s3c2440-uart", .driver_data = S3C2440_SERIAL_DRV_DATA, }, { .name = "s3c6400-uart", .driver_data = S3C6400_SERIAL_DRV_DATA, }, { .name = "s5pv210-uart", .driver_data = S5PV210_SERIAL_DRV_DATA, }, { .name = "exynos4210-uart", .driver_data = EXYNOS4210_SERIAL_DRV_DATA, }, { .name = "exynos5433-uart", .driver_data = EXYNOS5433_SERIAL_DRV_DATA, }, { }, }; MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(platform, s3c24xx_serial_driver_ids); #ifdef CONFIG_OF /*设备树对应解析匹配表*/ static const struct of_device_id s3c24xx_uart_dt_match[] = { { .compatible = "samsung,s3c2410-uart", .data = (void *)S3C2410_SERIAL_DRV_DATA }, { .compatible = "samsung,s3c2412-uart", .data = (void *)S3C2412_SERIAL_DRV_DATA }, { .compatible = "samsung,s3c2440-uart", .data = (void *)S3C2440_SERIAL_DRV_DATA }, { .compatible = "samsung,s3c6400-uart", .data = (void *)S3C6400_SERIAL_DRV_DATA }, { .compatible = "samsung,s5pv210-uart", .data = (void *)S5PV210_SERIAL_DRV_DATA }, { .compatible = "samsung,exynos4210-uart", .data = (void *)EXYNOS4210_SERIAL_DRV_DATA }, { .compatible = "samsung,exynos5433-uart", .data = (void *)EXYNOS5433_SERIAL_DRV_DATA }, {}, }; MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(of, s3c24xx_uart_dt_match); #endif /*串口设备驱动实体*/ static struct platform_driver samsung_serial_driver = { .probe = s3c24xx_serial_probe, .remove = s3c24xx_serial_remove, .id_table = s3c24xx_serial_driver_ids, .driver = { .name = "samsung-uart", .pm = SERIAL_SAMSUNG_PM_OPS, .of_match_table = of_match_ptr(s3c24xx_uart_dt_match), }, }; 总结一下
对于做嵌入式Linux驱动开发,个人体会是先对总线驱动模型有一个相对清晰的概念认识会比较好,而平台设备以及平台设备驱动模型同样是衍生于总线驱动模型,这样从体系结构上就变得相对统一了。平台设备及驱动在嵌入式系统里大量应用,很多SOC内置了大量丰富的各类设备接口,这些接口往往都是通过处理器内部总线进行直接寻址的,这类型的设备几乎都是通过平台设备及驱动模型进行抽象实施的,所以深入理解平台设备/平台设备驱动模型,无疑对开发此类设备驱动程序大有助益。 |
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